Information about Spanish Wine

Oct 17

» Origins of Spanish Wine – Part II Spanish Wines

This is the second article chronicling the history of Spanish wine…

The approximately 800 years that  followed the Moors near-full conquest of the Iberian Peninsula in 718 C.E. was a major battle between the Moors and the Spaniards.  The Reconquista, as it was called, finally ended in 1492 with the Treaty of Grenada.  I found this nice flash picture somewhat detailing the reconquest of Spain and Portugal from the Moors.  Wine production was quite slow during the Moor occupation, although Xeres was still able to keep strong production going mostly due to a good job of convincing the local caliphs that their Sherry had medicinal purposes.  The wine industry eventually creeped back into business as the Spaniards regained more and more control of the Iberian Peninsula.  Wine exports were very slow due to Muslim dietary laws forbidding alcohol, although several emirs and caliphs on the peninsula had their own wineries.  As the Spanish regained more land, the more wine that was exported.

Spanish reconquista Origins of Spanish Wine   Part II

During this time port cities like Bilbao in the north of Spain became important in distributing wine to France and played a major role introducing this wine into England.  The English regarded this wine very highly due to the wines’ high alcohol content and full-bodied nature and made these wines some of the more highly priced wines in Britain.  In return for the wine, which was mostly Sherry, the English would trade their wool.  Relations between the two countries fell apart after English King Henry VIII’s first divorce to from Spanish Catherine of Aragon (his first wife) in 1525 so, the wine trade to England came close to halt for quite a while.  The Spanish Inquisition was occurring during this time as well so, most of the English merchants left Spain out of fear.

For those that know their American history quite well, the year 1492 might ring a bell.  Indeed, it is the same year that Christoffa Corombo, excuse me, Christopher Columbus discovered America.  Naturally, the discovery of America marked a new area of the world for the Spaniards to market and grow their wine.  Colonists had brought grape vines to build new vineyards from Mexico to Argentina.  It wasn’t for long that these new colonial wineries had a great effect on the Spanish economy.  However, once the Spanish Armada was defeated by the English in in 1588, the Spanish navy lost a considerable amount of power that it had in the Atlantic, which eventually drove the country into deep debt.   The effect this had on the Spanish wine industry, in Spain and its colonies, was quite great.  The debt accumulated in the early 1600′s forced King Phillip III to halt wine production in the Americas.  Why?  To increase wine exports from Spain, that way more money flows into debt-ridden Spain and not the colonies who are not as affected by the debt.

Interesting tidbits from this period:

- The Cordoniu winery, currently the world’s largest producer of Sparkling Wine, was founded in 1551 in what is currently to Cava region in Catalonia.

- Xeres became the first region to set up something similar to a D.O. in which rules and regulations were set up to standardize the making of Sherry and other wines in this region.

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Oct 16

Murcia: Spanish Wine Country With An Old World Flavor

From http://www.wineclubshere.com/murcia-spanish-wine-country-with-an-old-world-flavor/

The region of Murcia in Spain is famous for its old world character, rich history and gorgeous weather. Connoisseurs know that Murcia is also synonymous with wine. Wine lovers who want a Spanish holiday with class and good taste, consider Murcia’s history.


Murcia’s wine is produced in the region of Jumilla. It covers the northern part of Murcia and the south-east portion of Albacete. It boasts 33,000 hectares of wine-producing grapes. Its vineyards turn out 220,000 hl of wine every year. In fact, the region actually comprises five separate denominations of origin. Each DO is closely regulated by the local government. It helps to ensure that only the best grapes are grown. In the case of organic wines (which are increasingly in demand), it ensures that growing regulations are followed. This provides quality assurance to consumers around the world. It is undoubtedly one of the reasons that Jumilla wines have been critically acclaimed in the last decade.


Superb cuisine and exquisite wine is as much a part of Spanish culture as language and heritage. This tapestry of culture is what fuels the wine industry in Spain, and Jumilla, Murcia in particular. Jumilla wines are acclaimed the world over. Thousands of tourists flock to the region annually to get a firsthand look at the production of Jumilla wine.


Archaeological evidence suggests that the production of Spanish wines dates back to 4000 B.C. An abundance of native species of grapes likely fueled interest in the production and consumption of wine in the region. Wine production in Spain pre-dates the establishment of Cadiz, the oldest port in Spain, by a few hundred years. However, it was upon its founding that Spanish wines began to be traded around Europe. Later, Jumilla’s wine industry took new shape under the settlement of the Romans. Although Roman rule has long since disappeared, its culture still influences the production of Jumilla wine today.


The Reconquest of Spain, which began in 722 A.D., saw locals reclaiming the wine industry. Wine was a key component in the rituals of the various orders of monks and friars of the time. After ousting previous conquerors, they began to take back wine production. Wine-making flourished for several centuries. Wines from Jumilla became distinguished on the world market, thanks in large part to those early monks.


Notwithstanding, the region has seem some challenging times. Phylloxera has plagued the Spanish wine-making industry at various points over the last several centuries. One of the most recent phylloxera attacks in 1989 led to the replanting of thousands of hectares of vineyards in Jumilla. The new vineyards produced a lighter variety of wine than had previously come from the area. Naturally, the phylloxera attack was financially devastating to the economy. However, the newly produced wines fueled new and greater public interest in Jumilla wines.


The Jumilla Wine Route is famous with locals and visitors alike. Travelers can book a wine tour through their travel agent, online or in person in Murcia. A wide range of accommodations is available in the area to suit any budget. Rental villas, condos and hotels in variety of price ranges are abundant. There are also a number of hostels in Murcia. Several all-inclusive resorts in the area, including the world-class LaManga Club, attract many visitors each year. Other resorts are currently under development. When finished, Spain tourism officials predict a healthy boost to the local economy.


Wine lovers may find themselves enthralled and dazzled by the exotic and fruity wines of Murcia. In fact, connoisseurs find themselves returning again and again to the lure of the vineyards of Jumilla. It may be the wine-lover’s ultimate Spanish holiday.

Jake Nieminen

Oct 15

Scientists try to transform winemaking with technology

This is a link to the article from the Wall St. Journal: http://bit.ly/9QCtFi

Jake Nieminen

“The Great Match” shows the potential of Spanish wine in the United States

From: http://www.sanchez-vicente.es/?p=2670

“The Great Match” is a series of tastings of wines and serves to show the wide variety of quality Spanish wines currently available in the U.S. market and recent vintages have come to the country and its versatility as a perfect combination for all types of cuisine. In a complementary fashion seminars and tastings are conducted in Spanish products whose proceeds go to charities in the cities where it is celebrated.

The event is aimed exclusively at professionals and provides a unique opportunity for importers of Spanish wines widely available in exclusive products to the media and wine professionals and so increase their distribution.

Spanish exports to the United States in 2009 exceeded 5,800 million euros, of which 170 million came from sales of wine.

Supporting the sector

ICEX, since its inception, has considered the wine industry as a priority, both for its economic importance for their contribution to the creation of country image abroad.

To bring the promotion to the market reality, since 2004 is in progress General Plan for the Promotion of Wines from Spain. The plan has achieved the integration of activities under the umbrella of Wines from Spain (“Wines from Spain”) with an integrated campaign at international level. In this way it is conducting a more effective promotion, developed from the perspective of an integrated campaign of wines from Spain, where promotional gain significant synergies. There are currently office “Wines from Spain” in Germany, USA, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Sweden and Switzerland.

In addition, since 2009 the ICEX is implementing the Plan Made in / by Spain with the aim to consolidate the good image of Spanish products in the United States. As part of this campaign, which also includes other sectors such as industry and technology, we have searched our food industry project on the values of quality, innovation and art that represent the most renowned Spanish chefs and positioning the food products segment high quality.

Jake Nieminen

Oct 12

Economic Effects of Washington Liquor Initiatives

By the wine economist:

This is the third in a series on initiatives to liberalize Washington’s alcoholic beverage laws  (click here to read the first and second segments). How would Washington Initiatives I-1100 and I-1105 affect wine makers and wine consumers? Let’s look at wine makers first.

Wine producers in Washington are not united either in support of or opposition to the initiatives. One industry group, The Washington Wine Institute, publicly opposes both initiatives, for example, while the Family Wineries of Washington State support them.

Winners & Losers

Both initiatives would create more avenues of competition for wineries by removing state restrictions that prevented discounted prices, negotiated payment schedules and so forth. Based on my conversations it seems that some wineries would welcome the opportunity to compete  using a fuller range of business strategies. They would like to be able to go after the business they want and to reward retailers and restaurants that carry the full range of their products or who make long term commitments.

Other wine makers are concerned that they may be disadvantaged in this new environment because they lack the resources or expertise to compete effectively. Interestingly, it is not just small wineries who want to avoid competition and not just large ones who embrace it. Obviously it is a complicated matter.

One wine maker candidly told me that it is hard to know if the gains will outweigh the losses.  This person saw obvious areas for new business expansion but realized there would be negative effects on margins and the need for more capital to accommodate extended payments. I sensed a very pragmatic attitude:  wine is a business and business people have to cope with whatever is thrown at them whether it is Mother Nature (a late harvest) or a change in state liquor laws.

My conversations reminded me of Olivier Torres’ discussion of the difference between French and American business strategy in his book The Wine WarsAmerican entrepreneurs, Torres says, look for new opportunities, taking risks, while the French business strategy is more about fending off threats. This is an oversimplified stereotype, of course, but it does seem to capture a bit of the wine war raging today in Washington state, where those with “French” attitudes are not necessarily from France.

Will Small Wineries Get Squeezed?

Television ads like the one I have inserted above suggest that small wineries would be especially hard hit by the new laws. A local news analysis of this ad raises some doubts about this claim (see  this King5 report). Will small local wineries get crowded off the shelf? Here’s my brief analysis.

I do think that large wine companies will have an advantage if the law is changed, but they have obvious economic advantages now, so this is nothing new. I would not be surprised to see big companies (Constellation Brands, Gallo, etc) increase their relative share of retail shelf space since they have the resources to offer discounts and incentives.

It is also possible that spirits companies and distributors will bring associated wine brands with them as they rush to fill their newly opened retail market niche if the initiatives pass, adding to the “crowding out” effect.  Retailers are trying to streamline their operations and reduced the number of suppliers they deal with, giving “drinks” companies that can supply wine, beer and spirits an advantage.

This effect will differ by type of retail account, of course, and be different for fine dining versus casual dining restaurant sales. In the supermarket segment, for example, you can already see differences in the relative incidence of the big producer portfolios in Fred Meyer (Kroger) and Safeway stores compared with regional chains like Metropolitan Market.

Although small wineries might get somewhat less shelf space, they certainly will not disappear from wine shelves and restaurant lists. Wine enthusiasts value diversity and smart sellers fill their shelves accordingly. That’s why a typical upscale supermarket offers 1500-2500 wine choices, at least ten times the number of options in any other product category. Retail wine margins are high and sellers profit by catering to their customers’ desire for a wide range of choices.

I think the competition among smaller winemakers will be more of a factor than between the big corporations and the small family wineries. There are hundreds of small wineries in Washington state all seeking a place at the retail table. Right now it is pretty difficult for the maker of a $40 Walla Walla Syrah to get shelf space (or distributor representation) and many producers are sensibly reconfiguring their business plans to focus more on direct sales. This will remain a good strategy if the initiatives pass, but makers who want to compete for shelf space will have more tools at their disposal.

And That’s A Good Thing?

Bottom line: small wineries will get squeezed by the big boys, but other small wineries are the real competition (hence the lack of a consensus among wine makers) and the initiatives will make this competition much more intense.

Is this a good thing? Well, it will probably be good for many consumers who will benefit from lower wine prices. They will likely have more (but different) wines to choose from too. Whether the new choices will be better is bound to be a matter of taste. If, as some have suggested, big box drinks retailers Bevmo and Total Wine open outlets in Washington it will change in significant ways the market terrain.

At the Ballot Box

How am I going to vote? The issue is complicated enough that I honestly haven’t decided yet. I am unlikely to vote for I-1105, however, since it seems like a stumbling half-step towards market liberalization.

I find the wine market aspects of I-1100 appealing and, as an economist, I am programmed to believe in the benefits of competition, but I am still concerned about the liquor law changes. I don’t know how making spirits cheaper and more readily  available will help solve the public health and safety problems associated with liquor consumption. Many will disagree with this view and I respect their opinions.

I guess I’m going to have to weigh the pros and cons before I cast my ballot just like everyone else.

Oct 11

New Blog Post ~ Origins of Spanish Wine - Part I http://bit.ly/bnl9a8

Oct 10

Cool video of Gary Vaynerchuk and Michael Schlow tasting Spanish wine

http://bit.ly/b9SxbT

By Jake Nieminen

Great video of Gary Vaynerchuk and Michael Schlow tasting wine

By Jake Nieminen

Oct 06

Spanish wine exports continue positive upward trend throughout …

From wwww.winesfromspain.com

Spanish wine exports continue positive upward trend throughout 2010

Exports up 14.8 percent by volume and 6.3 percent by value in comparison to first seven months of 2009

10/06/2010

Spanish wine exports up in January-July 2010, 14.8 percent by volume and 6.3 percent by value / © ICEX

Spanish wine exports up in January-July 2010, 14.8 percent by volume and 6.3 percent by value / © ICEX

According to figures published by the Spanish Wine Market Supervisory Board (OeMv), Spanish wine exports have continued their positive upward trend in the first six months of 2010 increasing 14.8 percent by volume, representing 955.9 million litres, and 6.3 percent by value, reaching €1 billion, in comparison to figures from the same period in 2009. This trend has been marked throughout the whole year by the boost in non-DO bottled wines, with an increase of 65 percent by value and 69 percent by volume.

As regards DO bottled wines, the latest export figures continue to show a slight fall of 5 percent by value and 6.5 percent by volume. A decrease with is primarily due to the sharp fall in DO white wine sales, down 30 percent by value on the 2009 figures, which have been replaced by an increase in non-DO bottled white wine sales, up 131 percent by value from January-July 2010, in comparison to the year before. In addition, sparkling wine also registered negative results, with a fall of 5.4 percent by volume and 2 percent by value in the same period.

Results by country show that Spanish wine exports to the US continue to rise, increasing 9.4 percent by value and 13 percent by volume over the January-July figures from 2009. Germany remains the number one country for Spanish wine exports by value, up by 3.3 percent, while France is first on the list by volume owing, above all, to non-DO bulk wines, which represent around 75 percent of the total wine exported to France. In addition, China continues to register an important increase as a prime destination for Spanish wine exports, showing a rise in figures from January-July 2010 of 162.2 percent by value and 406.3 percent by volume.

In summary, Spanish wine exports continue to register a positive upward trend throughout 2010. The increase is primarily due to the high export sales figures of non-DO bottled wines despite the fall suffered by DO bottled white and sparkling wines.

Jake Nieminen

Oct 05

Spanish Wine Maker Asda Sued For Having a Frog in a Wine Bottle

I just have to post this article since I find it quite funny how a frog could get into a wine bottle….

http://www.espanishwines.com/uncategorized/spanish-wine-maker-asda-sued-for-having-a-frog-in-a-wine-bottle